Tag Archives: ideology

Wider reading

OK,  judging by the poll, you’re either ready to read far more for this course; or you really enjoy reading for it :-)

Well, not really; obviously I can’t draw any such conclusion from it. But if you are open to some wider reading / inspiration, try Write 4 Children. Here are some snippets from its second issue.

Michael Rosen, An Apology for Poetry:

Much of children’s lives are circumscribed by explicit and implicit rules. These come ultimately from all the adults around them. No matter how hard we as adults try, we find it very difficult to grant children autonomy over parts of their own lives – even when there is no justification in an argument for health and safety, or psychological danger or whatever. I look at our new kitchen and realise that at present we’ve put a lot of things out of reach of the children. Is there any reason why children’s shouldn’t be able to get a bowl or a cup by themselves? Why have we built in dependence even into our kitchen?

Laura Atkins, White Privilege and Children’s Publishing:

I have been disturbed by the recent controversy over the cover of a book called Liar, written by white Australian author Justine Larbalestier. In this case, American publisher Bloomsbury put a white girl’s face on the cover of her book, even though the author has stated in her blog post about the cover that she meant the girl to be black…..Recently there has been another controversy as Bloomsbury once again published a book featuring a young woman with ‘dark skin’ using a photograph of a very white-looking girl on the cover (Magic Under the Glass by Jaclyn Dolamore). And again, after an outcry developed on the blogosphere, they have decided to change the cover. The same has happened with another book, The Mysterious Benedict Society series by Trenton Lee Stuart and published by Little Brown. In this case a mixed-race boy was illustrated as white on the front cover, and Little Brown have said they will change the covers. A new Facebook group, ‘Readers Against Whitewashing’ was founded in January 2010, bringing together blog postings, articles and news on the subject. So that’s three times in the last year that publishers have changed covers based on blogger response. What seems to be missing is a clear and transparent response from people who work in publishing.

Bridget Carrington, Many Leagues Behind: researching the history of YA fiction for girls:

Throughout the century and a half I examined [1750-1890], those novels which, through the heightened reality of their plots, and the engagement of their female protagonists, realistically explored the complexities of life-choices for their young audience were the YA fiction of their time.  These works were the ‘crossover’ novels of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, as assuredly as Salinger, Cormier, Pullman and Burgess are of the twentieth and twenty-first.

Virginia Lowe, I Love Monsters – Pretend Monsters in Books:

Young children are constantly underestimated. Cognitive psychologists work towards an average so that one can make some clinical study of each child. This naturally differs from analysis and discussion of adults and adult material. No one would dream of saying ‘thirty-six year olds will find this aspect difficult’ or ‘no one under fifty understands that other people have minds’ – ultimately, some will and some won’t, it’s acknowledged as a personality thing. Whereas with children, it tends to be taken as axiomatic…. And the findings of the psychologists, average as they are, grossly underestimating children at the peak of their ability, have often not made their way to the children’s literature critics, who then, and even sometimes now, seem ignorant of the fact that neonates can recognise photos of their mothers, for instance – that they can clearly interpret pictures (Barrera and Maurer).

Turning children into adults

You may have noticed that I’m a fan of Terry Pratchett – especially of his Nation.  And here’s a quotation from a recent interview that might help bring either option for the next assignment into focus:

‘I think that our job is to turn children into adults, not encourage children to remain children.’

More representations of childhood

I’m a bit late with this little bit of prompting – you’re masters of this topic by now, and my links below date back to 2006.  But it’s a fascinating area for children’s literature.

Trying to identify how authors imagine or represent childhood can involve scrutinising texts for their Puritan, Enlightenment, Romantic, gendered, socially stratified, imperial, colonial, and no doubt all sorts of other, ideologies. Including – delightfully and most productively – some ambiguous and even subversive views of those ideologies.

But it’s a bit harder to see what’s going on in relation to our own times. What are modern times doing to our view of childhood?

Is our culture toxic to childhood, as 110 experts claimed in a letter to The Telegraph? Or is that just typical older generation panic?*

*My thanks to the OUSA EA300 student forum for these links.

Choose your family

Here’s a thought-experiment about ideas of childhood and growing up. If you found yourself wandering lost among children’s literature, orphaned and alone, which literary family would you choose?

Do we all want to be Weasleys? Freedom to be yourself, unconditional love, excitement and fun, with the prospect of growing up into a responsible adult with decent values.

I don’t want to stay with Peter Pan – there’s no growth (though I kind of like the idea of no weight…)  Wendy’s childhood is playful but she has to cope with a lot of nonsense from John about boys being better. I really don’t want to camp out with the Swallows or the Amazons – my imagination wouldn’t take me past the discomforts (yes, I’m a duffer); couldn’t abide Tom and his brother Peter as siblings or their stifling ordinariness (too much like my own); Cassie’s family have it tough and  Mama and Papa dole out punishment too.  Lyra’s guardians allow her an enchanting freedom but she doesn’t seem to be much cared for…

Pure story

Well, we know now that there is no such thing as ‘pure story’, is there? Every story is ‘inevitably didactic’, Peter Hunt has argued, and Block 2 develops this.  What lies beneath?

I ventured to the Treasure Island of Diana Loxley, in our Reader, and spent some time searching. Did I find any treasure?

Let’s go on the ‘pure story’, the adventure. Stevenson gives us

  • a journal, a logbook, a map, a witness account, and, as a neat trick that may convince us even further, the writer withholds the island’s location so that we can’t actually go there
  • a stuffy starting place (the Inn), making us long for a trip away
  • scary, exotic stories to whet our appetite.

Meanwhile, underneath, we are being manipulated:

  • we won’t find ‘savages’ and ‘dangerous animals’ but the tragedy of fellow citizens gone bad
  • the class system will be challenged
  • everything we cling to (knowing who is good or bad, who is honest or dishonest, who is civilised or barbaric) will be challenged
  • authority is repeatedly challenged by treachery
  • justice depends on the individual
  • but the individual cannot be trusted.

Again, on the surface there is the ‘pure story’ of growing up: Jim moves from innocence to maturity.

But, underneath, he is experiencing metaphors for colonial adventure and exploration:

  • pirates are corrupt, like those who should serve the British Empire but do not
  • pirates are noble, like the British adventuring in the world
  • treasure is corrupt, the result of ‘bloody colonial encounter’ (the multi-national  coin hoard)
  • treasure is powerful, like the British identity
  • the parrot is a witness of British colonial activity (‘wickedness’) over 200 years
  • LJ Silver’s marriage to a black woman is ‘a far disturbing contract’ than a master/mistress relationship

And if we doubt the colonial basis of the story, check out the homeward stop-off when ‘so many good-humoured faces (especially the blacks)’ happily serve the adventurers. Perhaps the Europeans have been beastly, but not to worry – our heroes are still masters.

Do we still doubt that we are being made part of a colonial adventure? The adventurer’s role is to explore and discover.  The story shows this; it does not need to tell us. Jim’s freedom, individualism, successful exploration, impulse to gather further knowledge, observation of landscape, all show us the colonial mindset.

More than this, the story reflects the changing purposes of venturing to the colonies: no longer to settle them, but to exploit them purely for profit.  Robinson Crusoe may have ‘settled’ his island but the desperadoes left on Treasure Island show how the colonial adventure has become individualistic chaos at the end of the nineteenth century.

Blog ideology

I tried to write a post about marking the first assignment. I was going to tell you how long it took me*,  then some generalities about what I think I found out from the marking**, and then***…. I ran into ideological problems.

The explicit ideology of this blog is set out in its ‘About’ page – that the course will have its ‘pleasures and perplexities’; that readers and blog writer are in this course discovery together, in many ways;  that the blog has no authority whatsoever.

But I also have a more implicit ideology as I write. Do you share these convictions, I wonder?  Can you spot others I haven’t mentioned?

  • readers will be EA300-interested, have time for course non-essentials,  be supportive
  • Blogger (which hosts this blog for free) will be reliable.

However

  • there are limits to my personal disclosure (tutors are Practically Perfect, aren’t they?)
  • there are limits to disclosure of course material (copyright)
  • there is a complete barrier to disclosure relating to students.

So I can’t tell you anything about what I learned from TMA1. Sorry.

*except that marking took me about 55 hours. Much too long. I thought it was worth it, especially for a first assignment – if feedback proves to have helped students by improving marks, it will pay off.

**hardly surprising, but more experienced students did better. It makes pleasing evidence that students do benefit from their hard work; and I interpret it to mean that students can improve their marks over the length of this course.

*** and that’s it – that’s all I feel able to disclose here.